{"name":"Breed longevity evidence table","canonicalUrl":"https://doglongevityinfo.com/data/breed-longevity-evidence","reviewedAt":"2026-08-02","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","methodology":"https://doglongevityinfo.com/about/methodology","primaryPaper":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-50458-w","sourceTable":"https://www.dogstrust.org.uk/downloads/life-expectancy-breeds-table-2024.pdf","population":"UK dogs assembled from 18 organizations; living dogs are retained through survival analysis.","limitations":"Population survival estimates are not individual forecasts, causes of death, treatment effects, or product eligibility decisions. Source breed labels are preserved where they do not exactly match an Atlas navigation label.","records":[{"slug":"affenpinscher","sourceBreed":"Affenpinscher","atlasBreed":"Affenpinscher","medianYears":9.3,"ciLow":7.4,"ciHigh":10.8,"totalDogs":338,"deceasedDogs":204,"interpretation":"The modest population and wide confidence interval make uncertainty central; the row cannot describe lineage or patient-level health."},{"slug":"afghan-hound","sourceBreed":"Afghan Hound","atlasBreed":"Afghan Hound","medianYears":11.1,"ciLow":10.5,"ciHigh":11.8,"totalDogs":380,"deceasedDogs":238,"interpretation":"The source does not separate show, racing, lure-coursing, or companion histories, lineage, coat care, or geography outside the UK."},{"slug":"airedale-terrier","sourceBreed":"Airedale Terrier","atlasBreed":"Airedale Terrier","medianYears":12,"ciLow":11.8,"ciHigh":12.3,"totalDogs":1270,"deceasedDogs":556,"interpretation":"The table does not describe work history, lineage, individual body condition, diagnoses, or causes of death."},{"slug":"akita","sourceBreed":"Akita","atlasBreed":"Akita","medianYears":11.4,"ciLow":11.1,"ciHigh":11.6,"totalDogs":3828,"deceasedDogs":2358,"interpretation":"The broad Akita label may not preserve every national registry distinction and does not identify lineage or causes of death."},{"slug":"alaskan-malamute","sourceBreed":"Alaskan Malamute","atlasBreed":"Alaskan Malamute","medianYears":11.3,"ciLow":11.1,"ciHigh":11.8,"totalDogs":1980,"deceasedDogs":842,"interpretation":"Working, sport, and companion histories, climate, task load, and lineage were not separated in the public row."},{"slug":"american-eskimo-dog","sourceBreed":"American Eskimo Dog","atlasBreed":"American Eskimo Dog","medianYears":11.3,"ciLow":10,"ciHigh":12,"totalDogs":36,"deceasedDogs":22,"interpretation":"Only 36 dogs and 22 recorded deaths underpin the row, and size varieties are not reported separately."},{"slug":"american-staffordshire-terrier","sourceBreed":"American Staffordshire Terrier","atlasBreed":"American Staffordshire Terrier","medianYears":12.5,"ciLow":11.4,"ciHigh":13.1,"totalDogs":142,"deceasedDogs":94,"interpretation":"The registry label should not be merged with other bull-type labels, mixes, or an individual dog's phenotype."},{"slug":"anatolian-shepherd","sourceBreed":"Anatolian Shepherd","atlasBreed":"Anatolian Shepherd","medianYears":10.1,"ciLow":7.6,"ciHigh":11.2,"totalDogs":70,"deceasedDogs":40,"interpretation":"The small row and wide interval cannot resolve guardian versus companion history, working conditions, lineage, or non-UK populations."},{"slug":"australian-cattle-dog","sourceBreed":"Australian Cattle Dog","atlasBreed":"Australian Cattle Dog","medianYears":14,"ciLow":13.2,"ciHigh":15.1,"totalDogs":117,"deceasedDogs":50,"interpretation":"The small death count and broad interval limit precision, and work, sport, farm, and companion populations are not separated."},{"slug":"basenji","sourceBreed":"Basenji","atlasBreed":"Basenji","medianYears":12.1,"ciLow":11.3,"ciHigh":15.8,"totalDogs":92,"deceasedDogs":30,"interpretation":"The very wide interval and 30 recorded deaths make this uncertain population context rather than a precise breed expectation."},{"slug":"basset-hound","sourceBreed":"Basset Hound","atlasBreed":"Basset Hound","medianYears":12.5,"ciLow":12.2,"ciHigh":12.7,"totalDogs":2013,"deceasedDogs":883,"interpretation":"The table cannot separate body-shape, body-condition, lineage, environment, or patient-level mobility history."},{"slug":"bearded-collie","sourceBreed":"Bearded Collie","atlasBreed":"Bearded Collie","medianYears":13.9,"ciLow":13.7,"ciHigh":14,"totalDogs":1165,"deceasedDogs":570,"interpretation":"The public row does not distinguish working, sport, show, and companion dogs or explain causes of death."},{"slug":"bedlington-terrier","sourceBreed":"Bedlington Terrier","atlasBreed":"Bedlington Terrier","medianYears":13.7,"ciLow":13.4,"ciHigh":14,"totalDogs":1294,"deceasedDogs":549,"interpretation":"Lineage, health-screening history, patient laboratory findings, and causes of death were unavailable in the summary row."},{"slug":"belgian-malinois","sourceBreed":"Belgian Malenois","atlasBreed":"Belgian Malinois","medianYears":12,"ciLow":11.5,"ciHigh":12.6,"totalDogs":606,"deceasedDogs":337,"interpretation":"The source spells the row Belgian Malenois and does not separate operational, sport, show, and companion populations."},{"slug":"belgian-tervuren","sourceBreed":"Belgian Tervuren","atlasBreed":"Belgian Tervuren","medianYears":13.8,"ciLow":12.7,"ciHigh":14.8,"totalDogs":208,"deceasedDogs":55,"interpretation":"The small death count, wide interval, registry variety, workload, and selection effects limit generalization."},{"slug":"bichon-frise","sourceBreed":"Bichon Frise","atlasBreed":"Bichon Frise","medianYears":12.5,"ciLow":12.3,"ciHigh":12.7,"totalDogs":5902,"deceasedDogs":2900,"interpretation":"The UK population estimate cannot predict one dog's remaining lifespan or substitute for body-condition, dental, sensory, or medical assessment."},{"slug":"bloodhound","sourceBreed":"Bloodhound","atlasBreed":"Bloodhound","medianYears":9.3,"ciLow":8.6,"ciHigh":11,"totalDogs":134,"deceasedDogs":71,"interpretation":"The small row and wide interval cannot resolve lineage, working history, environment, or individual diagnoses."},{"slug":"bull-terrier","sourceBreed":"Bull Terrier","atlasBreed":"Bull Terrier","medianYears":12,"ciLow":11.9,"ciHigh":12.2,"totalDogs":4503,"deceasedDogs":2151,"interpretation":"The row is separate from Miniature Bull Terrier and should not be pooled with that variety or broader bull-type labels."},{"slug":"bullmastiff","sourceBreed":"Bullmastiff","atlasBreed":"Bullmastiff","medianYears":10.2,"ciLow":9.9,"ciHigh":10.5,"totalDogs":2188,"deceasedDogs":1169,"interpretation":"The estimate cannot distinguish frame, body condition, lineage, clinical history, environment, or cause of death."},{"slug":"cane-corso","sourceBreed":"Cane Corso","atlasBreed":"Cane Corso","medianYears":8.1,"ciLow":6.5,"ciHigh":9.5,"totalDogs":202,"deceasedDogs":101,"interpretation":"The wide interval and limited population make uncertainty essential; the row is not an individual prognosis or causal health analysis."},{"slug":"chow-chow","sourceBreed":"Chow Chow","atlasBreed":"Chow Chow","medianYears":12.1,"ciLow":11.7,"ciHigh":12.5,"totalDogs":940,"deceasedDogs":395,"interpretation":"The table does not isolate conformation, lineage, climate, patient-level diagnoses, or causes of death."},{"slug":"dalmatian","sourceBreed":"Dalmatian","atlasBreed":"Dalmatian","medianYears":13.2,"ciLow":13,"ciHigh":13.3,"totalDogs":3126,"deceasedDogs":1443,"interpretation":"Registry identity, hearing status, lineage, diet, environment, diagnoses, and causes of death are not available in the public row."},{"slug":"english-cocker-spaniel","sourceBreed":"English Cocker Spaniel","atlasBreed":"English Cocker Spaniel","medianYears":13.3,"ciLow":13.2,"ciHigh":13.3,"totalDogs":26303,"deceasedDogs":7584,"interpretation":"The row is separate from American Cocker Spaniel but does not distinguish working and show lines or patient-level health history."},{"slug":"english-springer-spaniel","sourceBreed":"English Springer Spaniel","atlasBreed":"English Springer Spaniel","medianYears":13.5,"ciLow":13.4,"ciHigh":13.6,"totalDogs":17905,"deceasedDogs":6221,"interpretation":"The large row does not distinguish working and show populations, workload, lineage, or causes of death."},{"slug":"greyhound","sourceBreed":"Greyhound","atlasBreed":"Greyhound","medianYears":11.5,"ciLow":11.4,"ciHigh":11.6,"totalDogs":3964,"deceasedDogs":3025,"interpretation":"The dataset does not separate retired-racing, current racing, and companion populations or adoption and selection effects."},{"slug":"bulldog","sourceBreed":"Bulldog","atlasBreed":"Bulldog","medianYears":9.8,"ciLow":9.7,"ciHigh":10,"totalDogs":11065,"deceasedDogs":4743,"interpretation":"The table uses the broad Bulldog label; it does not separate every national registry label or individual conformation."},{"slug":"french-bulldog","sourceBreed":"French Bulldog","atlasBreed":"French Bulldog","medianYears":9.8,"ciLow":9.4,"ciHigh":10.1,"totalDogs":11821,"deceasedDogs":2495,"interpretation":"The growing popularity of the breed may overrepresent younger dogs and bias survival estimates downward."},{"slug":"bernese-mountain-dog","sourceBreed":"Bernese Mountain Dog","atlasBreed":"Bernese Mountain Dog","medianYears":10.1,"ciLow":9.8,"ciHigh":10.4,"totalDogs":1116,"deceasedDogs":449,"interpretation":"The estimate should be compared with the separate Swiss breed-club cohort, which used different enrollment and reporting methods."},{"slug":"great-dane","sourceBreed":"Great Dane","atlasBreed":"Great Dane","medianYears":10.6,"ciLow":10.4,"ciHigh":11,"totalDogs":1986,"deceasedDogs":864,"interpretation":"This larger UK dataset should not be blended with the Atlas's smaller owner-reported mastiff survey without preserving both methods."},{"slug":"rottweiler","sourceBreed":"Rottweiler","atlasBreed":"Rottweiler","medianYears":10.6,"ciLow":10.4,"ciHigh":10.7,"totalDogs":6275,"deceasedDogs":3442,"interpretation":"The estimate differs from older primary-care mortality samples because the populations and survival methods differ."},{"slug":"doberman-pinscher","sourceBreed":"Doberman Pinscher","atlasBreed":"Doberman Pinscher","medianYears":11.2,"ciLow":11,"ciHigh":11.5,"totalDogs":3531,"deceasedDogs":1623,"interpretation":"The table cannot distinguish lineage, health-screening history, or causes of death for an individual Doberman."},{"slug":"boxer","sourceBreed":"Boxer","atlasBreed":"Boxer","medianYears":11.3,"ciLow":11.3,"ciHigh":11.5,"totalDogs":11294,"deceasedDogs":5925,"interpretation":"This survival estimate and the separate VetCompass disorder study answer different questions and should remain separate."},{"slug":"german-shepherd","sourceBreed":"German Shepherd Dog","atlasBreed":"German Shepherd","medianYears":11.3,"ciLow":11.3,"ciHigh":11.4,"totalDogs":19908,"deceasedDogs":10773,"interpretation":"The source label includes German Shepherd Dogs across a multi-source UK population and does not separate working history."},{"slug":"pug","sourceBreed":"Pug","atlasBreed":"Pug","medianYears":11.6,"ciLow":11.4,"ciHigh":11.8,"totalDogs":10026,"deceasedDogs":2782,"interpretation":"The study reports population survival and does not attribute deaths to weight, airway disease, or another specific factor."},{"slug":"boston-terrier","sourceBreed":"Boston Terrier","atlasBreed":"Boston Terrier","medianYears":11.8,"ciLow":11,"ciHigh":12.2,"totalDogs":1984,"deceasedDogs":443,"interpretation":"The wider confidence interval is important context and the estimate does not isolate skull shape from other correlated factors."},{"slug":"cavalier-king-charles-spaniel","sourceBreed":"Cavalier King Charles Spaniel","atlasBreed":"Cavalier King Charles Spaniel","medianYears":11.8,"ciLow":11.7,"ciHigh":11.9,"totalDogs":13782,"deceasedDogs":6879,"interpretation":"A population estimate cannot substitute for an individual cardiac, neurologic, or other veterinary history."},{"slug":"chihuahua","sourceBreed":"Chihuahua","atlasBreed":"Chihuahua","medianYears":11.8,"ciLow":11.5,"ciHigh":11.9,"totalDogs":10788,"deceasedDogs":3848,"interpretation":"Coat variety and patient-level body size are not separated in this summary table."},{"slug":"siberian-husky","sourceBreed":"Siberian Husky","atlasBreed":"Siberian Husky","medianYears":11.9,"ciLow":11.7,"ciHigh":12,"totalDogs":4453,"deceasedDogs":1947,"interpretation":"The data do not distinguish working, racing, sport, or companion populations or climate and activity history."},{"slug":"pomeranian","sourceBreed":"Pomeranian","atlasBreed":"Pomeranian","medianYears":12.2,"ciLow":12,"ciHigh":12.5,"totalDogs":2941,"deceasedDogs":1170,"interpretation":"The population estimate cannot set a healthy weight, predict remaining lifespan, or resolve individual diagnostic questions."},{"slug":"beagle","sourceBreed":"Beagle","atlasBreed":"Beagle","medianYears":12.5,"ciLow":12.3,"ciHigh":12.7,"totalDogs":4678,"deceasedDogs":1552,"interpretation":"This Kaplan-Meier estimate should not be averaged with the separate limited-window VetCompass death-sample median."},{"slug":"shih-tzu","sourceBreed":"Shih Tzu","atlasBreed":"Shih Tzu","medianYears":12.8,"ciLow":12.6,"ciHigh":12.9,"totalDogs":12007,"deceasedDogs":5894,"interpretation":"The breed estimate is UK-specific and cannot predict one dog's remaining life or explain a health change."},{"slug":"border-collie","sourceBreed":"Border Collie","atlasBreed":"Border Collie","medianYears":13.1,"ciLow":13,"ciHigh":13.2,"totalDogs":12917,"deceasedDogs":7969,"interpretation":"The source does not separate working, sport, farm, and companion Border Collie populations."},{"slug":"labrador-retriever","sourceBreed":"Labrador Retriever","atlasBreed":"Labrador Retriever","medianYears":13.1,"ciLow":13,"ciHigh":13.1,"totalDogs":43428,"deceasedDogs":16155,"interpretation":"This multi-source survival estimate should not be silently substituted for the Atlas's historical primary-care mortality sample."},{"slug":"dachshund","sourceBreed":"Dachshund","atlasBreed":"Dachshund","medianYears":13.2,"ciLow":13,"ciHigh":13.5,"totalDogs":2305,"deceasedDogs":926,"interpretation":"The table's Dachshund group is separate from its Miniature Dachshund row and cannot resolve every coat or size variety."},{"slug":"golden-retriever","sourceBreed":"Golden Retriever","atlasBreed":"Golden Retriever","medianYears":13.2,"ciLow":13.1,"ciHigh":13.2,"totalDogs":11506,"deceasedDogs":4252,"interpretation":"The UK survival dataset and the U.S. Golden Retriever Lifetime Study have different populations, aims, and follow-up."},{"slug":"pembroke-welsh-corgi","sourceBreed":"Pembroke Welsh Corgi","atlasBreed":"Pembroke Welsh Corgi","medianYears":13.2,"ciLow":12.7,"ciHigh":13.6,"totalDogs":643,"deceasedDogs":221,"interpretation":"The estimate is for Pembrokes and should not be transferred to Cardigan Welsh Corgis or an individual dog."},{"slug":"miniature-schnauzer","sourceBreed":"Miniature Schnauzer","atlasBreed":"Miniature Schnauzer","medianYears":13.3,"ciLow":13.2,"ciHigh":13.5,"totalDogs":7693,"deceasedDogs":1977,"interpretation":"The source separates Miniature from Standard and Giant Schnauzers; those varieties should not be pooled."},{"slug":"yorkshire-terrier","sourceBreed":"Yorkshire Terrier","atlasBreed":"Yorkshire Terrier","medianYears":13.3,"ciLow":13.3,"ciHigh":13.4,"totalDogs":14579,"deceasedDogs":9509,"interpretation":"A narrow population confidence interval does not make the value an individual prognosis or treatment target."},{"slug":"australian-shepherd","sourceBreed":"Australian Shepherd","atlasBreed":"Australian Shepherd","medianYears":13.7,"ciLow":12.8,"ciHigh":14.6,"totalDogs":224,"deceasedDogs":62,"interpretation":"The small death count and wide interval make uncertainty especially important for this breed estimate."},{"slug":"poodle-standard","sourceBreed":"Poodle","atlasBreed":"Poodle (Standard)","medianYears":14,"ciLow":13.8,"ciHigh":14.1,"totalDogs":6427,"deceasedDogs":2399,"interpretation":"The source table says Poodle without separating Standard, Miniature, and Toy varieties, so this row is indirect context rather than a Standard Poodle estimate."}]}